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Canal-u.fr
1.1. The cell, atom of the living world
Description
:
Welcome to this introduction to bioinformatics. We will speak of genomes and algorithms. More specifically, we will see how genetic information can be analysed by algorithms. In these five weeks to come, we will see first, what are these genomic texts, we will try to analyse using algorithms and pro ...
Date
:
05-05-2015
Description complète
1.1. The cell, atom of the living world
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1.10. Overlapping sliding window
Description
:
We have made some drawings along a genomic sequence. And we have seen that although the algorithm is quite simple, even if some points of the algorithmare bit trickier than the others, we were able to produce an interesting result that is a prediction of the origin of replication of bacterial genome ...
Date
:
05-02-2015
Description complète
1.10. Overlapping sliding window
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1.2. At the heart of the cell: the DNA macromolecule
Description
:
During the last session, we saw how at the heart of the cell there's DNA in the nucleus, sometimes of cells, or directly in the cytoplasm of the bacteria. The DNA is what we call a macromolecule, that is a very long molecule. It's Avery, in 1944, who discovered that the DNA was the support of geneti ...
Date
:
05-02-2015
Description complète
1.2. At the heart of the cell: the DNA macromolecule
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1.3. DNA codes for genetic information
Description
:
Remember at the heart of any cell,there is this very long molecule which is called a macromolecule for this reason, which is the DNA molecule. Now we will see that DNA molecules support what is called the "genetic information". So, DNAcodes for genetic information. How? If you consider this doublest ...
Date
:
05-02-2015
Description complète
1.3. DNA codes for genetic information
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1.4. What is an algorithm?
Description
:
We have seen that a genomic textcan be indeed a very long sequence of characters. And to interpret this sequence of characters, we will need to use computers. Using computers means writing program. Writing program means designing first algorithm. So, let's see what an algorithm is. An algorithm is a ...
Date
:
05-05-2015
Description complète
1.4. What is an algorithm?
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1.5. Counting nucleotides
Description
:
In this session, don't panic. We will design our first algorithm. This algorithm is forcounting nucleotides. The idea here is that as an input,you have a sequence of nucleotides, of bases, of letters, of characters which ends with a star symbol, here. And, you want to count the number of A,C, G and ...
Date
:
05-02-2015
Description complète
1.5. Counting nucleotides
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1.6. GC and AT contents of DNA sequence
Description
:
We have designed our first algorithmfor counting nucleotides. Remember, what we have writtenin pseudo code is first declaration of variables. We have several integer variables that are variables which cantake as a value an integer. One, two, three minus five and so on. We have the sequence of charac ...
Date
:
05-02-2015
Description complète
1.6. GC and AT contents of DNA sequence
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1.7. DNA walk
Description
:
We will now design a more graphical algorithm which is called "the DNA walk". We shall see what does it mean "DNA walk". Walk on to DNA. Something like that, yes. But first, just have a look again at the typical, also quite short sequence of DNA, a long text offour letters: A, C, G, T, T and so on. ...
Date
:
05-02-2015
Description complète
1.7. DNA walk
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1.8. Compressing the DNA walk
Description
:
We have written the algorithm for the circle DNA walk. Just a precision here: the kind of drawing we get has nothing to do with the physical drawing of the DNA molecule. It is a symbolic representation. It is a way of representing the information content of the sequence as a drawing. Remember that t ...
Date
:
05-02-2015
Description complète
1.8. Compressing the DNA walk
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1.9. Predicting the origin of DNA replication?
Description
:
We have seen a nice algorithm to draw, let's say, a DNA sequence. We will see that first, we have to correct a little bit this algorithm. And then we will see how such as imple algorithm can provide biological results. Again, this is the aim of bioinformatics: analysing the genomic texts and providi ...
Date
:
05-02-2015
Description complète
1.9. Predicting the origin of DNA replication?
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2.1. The sequence as a model of DNA
Description
:
Welcome back to our course on genomes and algorithms that is a computer analysis ofgenetic information. Last week we introduced the very basic concept in biology that is cell, DNA, genome, genes,proteins and this week we will concentrate on these last two concepts, that is genes and proteins and we ...
Date
:
05-02-2015
Description complète
2.1. The sequence as a model of DNA
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2.10. How to find genes?
Description
:
Getting the sequence of the genome is only the beginning, as I explained, once you have the sequence what you want to do is to locate the gene, to predict the function of the gene and maybe study the interaction between genes and proteins. Let's concentrate on the prediction of genes on a genome. Ho ...
Date
:
05-02-2015
Description complète
2.10. How to find genes?
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